The standard definition of poor ovarian reserve (or, poor ovarian responder) remains uncertain, and consequently the proposed protocols adopted to manage poor responders are very difficult to compare. The Bologna criteria represent the first attempt to build an international consensus in the definition of poor ovarian reserve.
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Women can be prescribed a variety of drugs for treating a medical condition or a disease without considering the possibility of pregnancy. For example, a sexually-active young female suffering from recurrent convulsions are usually prescribed an antiepileptic drug-to be taken continuously. It is quite possible for such a woman to become pregnant while taking the anti-epileptic drug. Since most of the antiepileptic drugs are teratogenic, serious damage to the conceptus as well as a significant psychological burden on the mother may occur.
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Unfortunately, 12-15% of all sexually active couples are infertile. The male factor infertility can be identified in 50% of cases, either alone or in combination with the female factor. In previous studies that analyzed numerous male patients, the causes of male infertility were identified from the most common to the rarest: varicocele, idiopathic obstruction, female factor, cryptorchidism, immunology, ejaculatory dysfunction, testicular insufficiency, drug effects / radiation, endocrinology and others.
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